What is Citizenship?

Citizenship refers to the legal status of being officially recognized as a full-fledged member of a nation. In the United States, there are two primary ways to obtain citizenship:

• By birth: If you are born on U.S. soil or your parents are U.S. citizens, you become automatically a U.S. citizen when you are born. This is known as "birthright citizenship."
• By naturalization: If you were born outside the U.S. but immigrate through one of the legal channels, you may become eligible to apply for U.S. citizenship by showing that you meet the legal requirements.

What is Naturalization?

Naturalization is the legal process through which a non-citizen can become a U.S. citizen. Unlike birthright citizenship, naturalization requires individuals to meet certain criteria, including holding a green card for a specified amount of time, physically residing in the USA, speaking English, passing a test about U.S. history and government, and demonstrating good moral character.

What are the Key Differences Between Citizenship and Naturalization?

• By birth vs. process: Citizenship can be granted by birth, while naturalization involves completing a legal process.
• Parentage: Citizenship is typically linked to where you or your parents were born, whereas naturalization is available to anyone meeting the requirements, regardless of their birth country or their parents' birth country.
• Requirements: Naturalization involves passing tests and interviews, while those who are born citizens can simply apply for and receive documentation of their citizenship without meeting the English, civics, and residency requirements.

What Do You Need to Qualify for Citizenship or Naturalization?

• For birthright citizenship: You need to be born in the U.S. or have parents who are U.S. citizens. Birth records and proof of familial relationship is required. In some cases, DNA testing may be requested.
• For naturalization: You need to:
• Hold a green card for at least 5 years (or 3 years if married to a U.S. citizen).
• Pass an English and civics test, or demonstrate that you qualify for an exemption to this requirement.
• Demonstrate continuous residence in the U.S.
• Exhibit good moral character.

How Long Does the Naturalization Process Take?

The naturalization process can take anywhere from 6 to 12 months, depending on factors like location and workload at your local U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) office. The process involves:

1. Filing Form N-400 with the filing fee or a fee exemption.
2. Attending a biometrics appointment.
3. Participating in an interview.
4. Passing the English and civics test.
5. Taking the Oath of Allegiance.

Do Naturalized Citizens Have the Same Rights as Birthright Citizens?

Yes. Once naturalized, individuals have the same rights and privileges as those who were citizens by birth. This includes the right to vote, hold public office, and obtain a U.S. passport. The only exception is that one must be born on U.S. soil to be elected president.

Is the Paperwork Complicated?

The naturalization process can feel overwhelming due to the extensive paperwork, tests, and interviews involved. If you need assistance understanding the application, questions, and requirements, and preparing for the interview, working with an immigration attorney can help you navigate the process efficiently and reduce stress.



Ready to Take the Next Step?

Navigating the path to U.S. citizenship or naturalization can be complex, but you don't have to go through it alone. Schedule a consultation with us today for personalized assistance tailored to your situation.